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Acne

What is acne?

Acne is a common chronic disorder affecting the hair follicle and sebaceous gland, in which there is expansion and blockage of the follicle and inflammation. There are several variants.

Who gets acne?

Acne affects males and females of all races and ethnicities. It is prevalent in adolescents and young adults, with 85% of 16 to 18 year-olds affected. However, it may sometimes occur in children and adults of all ages.

What causes acne?

Acne is due to a combination of factors. The exact mechanisms are not fully understood.

  • Familial
  • tendency
  • Endogenous
  • and exogenous androgenic hormones
  • Acne bacteria
  • Innate immune activation with inflammatory mediators
  • Distension and occlusion of the hair follicles

Flares of acne can be provoked by:

  • Polycystic ovarian disease
  • Drugs: steroids, hormones, anticonvulsants, epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors and others
  • Application of occlusive cosmetics
  • High environmental humidity
  • Diet high in dairy products and high glycemic foods.